Title:
The relative salience of spirituality and relational needs in predicting outcomes in 12 step vs. cognitive behavioral therapy substance abuse programs
Author:
Kimberly S. Harris
Thesis Advisor:
Ralph L. Piedmont
Committee Member:
Gina Magyar-Russell
Committee Member:
Geraldine Fialkowski
Committee Member:
Donelda A. Cook
Committee Member:
L. Mickey Fenzel
Committee Member:
Amanda Thomas
Degree Granting Institution:
Loyola University Maryland--College of Arts and Sciences
Place:
Baltimore (Md.)
Publisher:
Loyola University Maryland
Date Created:
2015
Type of Resource:
text
Genre:
thesis
Language:
eng
Format:
application/pdf
Physical Form:
electronic
Digital Source:
born digital
Abstract:
With substance abuse treatment becoming increasingly cost-prohibitive, self-help and recovery support groups, also known as mutual aid groups, have assumed a larger and more cost-effective role in the recovery process for individuals seeking treatment. Mutual aid group participation has not only been linked to abstinence from drugs and alcohol, but also to overall well-being and improved relationships with others (Project Match Research Group, 1997). This quantitative study explored the role that spirituality and relational needs play in predicting recovery outcomes for participants in both 12-step and cognitive based mutual aid groups. Scales included the ASPIRES, the Ten-Item Personality Scale (TIPI), the Selfobject Inventory (SONI), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and a demographic questionnaire. The study sample included 296 male and female participants from 12-step (N = 167) and cognitive based mutual aid groups (N = 129), with an average age of 49.92 years (SD = 12.52) and an average 33.7 years in self-reported length of substance use. In addition, this study examined the relationship between spirituality and relational needs and their possible moderating influences, overall and within each type of mutual aid group. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to assess the predictive validity that spirituality and relational needs have while controlling for personality, gender, age and length of treatment as covariates. Spirituality was robust in its ability to add significant amount of additional explanatory variance in predicting psychological well-being, depression and substance use over personality. As predicted, spirituality as a dimension of personality was found to be a relevant predictor of treatment outcome for participants in the 12-step mutual aid groups, but not for participants in the cognitive based mutual aid group. Relational needs contributed significantly to the total variance in predicting depression, and substance use in the 12- step group, but were independent of these outcomes for participants in the cognitive based mutual aid groups. Correlational analyses also showed that the predictive validity of spirituality and relational needs on clinical outcomes are not mediated by personality or gender. Anticipated interaction effects between spirituality and relational needs were not all found due to the low power posed by sample size. The strong and significant associations found between spirituality and relational needs on the outcome variables show that they are important therapeutic factors for pastoral counselors to consider in treatment planning and matching.
Degree:
Doctor of Philosophy
Level:
Doctoral
Discipline:
Pastoral Counseling
Restrictions on Access:
Author has given permission to make this work available online to Loyola Notre Dame Library basic constituency.
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Identifier:
HarrisKS-15
